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Factors Associated with High Sodium Intake Assessed from 24-hour Urinary Excretion and the Potential Effect of Energy Intake

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dc.contributor.authorFatimah Othman
dc.contributor.authorRashidah Ambak
dc.contributor.authorCheong Siew Man
dc.contributor.authorNor Azian Mohd Zaki
dc.contributor.authorMohd Hasnan Ahmad
dc.contributor.authorNur Shahida Abdul Aziz
dc.contributor.authorAzli Baharuddin
dc.contributor.authorRuhaya Salleh
dc.contributor.authorTahir Aris
dc.date.accessioned2024-07-31T08:13:21Z
dc.date.available2024-07-31T08:13:21Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.description.abstractDietary consumption and other environmental factors are known factors associated with sodium intake. However, little is known about the influence of energy intake on this relationship. +e aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with high sodium intake assessed from urine sodium excretion and the influence of energy intake. A nationwide, cross-sectional study was conducted from 2015 to 2016 among Malaysian health staff (MySalt 2015). A total of 1027 participants from 1568 targeted participants aged 18 years and older that were randomly selected were included in this study. Sodium intake was determined by measuring sodium excretion in the 24 hr urine test. Dietary, sociodemography, and anthropometry variables as associated risk factors were assessed. Multiple logistic regression models were used to determine the association between high sodium intake (≥2000 mg/day urinary sodium) and potential risk factors. +e prevalence of high sodium intake in this study was 70.1% (n � 733). High sodium intake was associated with male (OR 1.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.41, 2.64), Bumiputera Sarawak ethnicity (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.09, 0.62), and energy-adjusted sodium intake (mg/d) (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.03–1.39). Our results suggested that sex, ethnicity, and energy-adjusted sodium consumption were strong risk factors associated with high sodium intake independent from energy and other potential confounding factors.
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6781597
dc.identifier.urihttps://repository.nih.gov.my/handle/123456789/788
dc.language.isoen
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Nutrition and Metabolism
dc.titleFactors Associated with High Sodium Intake Assessed from 24-hour Urinary Excretion and the Potential Effect of Energy Intake
dc.typejournal-article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.volume2019
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