Publication: Orofacial infection and influencing factors on prolonged hospital stay: A four year retrospective study of 207 cases
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Date
2021
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Abstract
Objective: This study aim to analyse the prevalence, clinical pattern and management of orofacial Infection in Hospital Sultan Abdul Halim (HSAH), Kedah, Malaysia. We also investigate any associations between demographic factors, diabetic status, smoking status, and number of space involvement towards the length of hospital stay.
Material and methods: All adult patients with orofacial infections who attended the Oral and Maxillofacial Department in HSAH from January 2015 to January 2019 were included. Descriptive statistical analysis was done for all variables. For cases requiring hospitalization, logistics regression analysis was performed using dichotomous dependent variable on length of stay(LOS), namely short stay group (LOS ≤ 5 days) and long stay group (LOS > 5 days). Simple logistic regression was performed to determine which factors are associated with prolonged hospital stay.
Results: A total of 207 patients (133 male, 74 female) were included in this study with mean age of 33.85 ± 19.36 years. The most common aetiology of orofacial infection was odontogenic (71.0 %). Most of the orofacial spaces involved were single (89.9 %), with the mean number of 1.04 ± 1.391. For inpatient cases, three factors were significantly associated with increased risk of prolonged hospital stay, namely multiple spaced involved (OR 3.492, 95 % 1.132–10.77), presence of diabetes (OR 3.694, 95 % 1.314–10.389), and active smoker (OR 5.029, 95 % 1.894–13.349).
Conclusion: Our study showed a relatively high prevalence of orofacial infection in this region. Factors such as smoking, diabetes and involvement of multiple spaces are associated with prolonged hospital stay during the treatment of orofacial infection.
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Keywords
Orofacial odontogenic infection, Dental infection, Kedah, Abscess, Cellulitis