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- PublicationHypertension among Diabetes Population in Malaysia and its Associated Risk Factors: Findings from National Health and Morbidity Survey 2015(2022)
;Ismail H ;Saminathan TA ;Omar MA ;Mat Rifin H ;Robert Lourdes TG ;Rodzlan Hasani WS ;Ling Miaw Yn J ;Ab Majid NL ;Ahmad AMohd Yusoff MFINTRODUCTION: The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes continues to rise globally. This study examined the national prevalence of hypertension among the diabetes population in Malaysia and its associated risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A sub -analysis of data from the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2015 was conducted among 4229 respondents with diabetes. The data was obtained from respondents aged 18 years and above. Diabetes was defined as those who self-reported to have diabetes or had fasting capillary blood glucose of ≥6.1 mmol/L or non-fasting blood glucose of >11.1 mmol/L. Hypertension was defined as one who has systolic and diastolic blood pressure of ≥140 mmHg and ≥90 mmHg, respectively. RESULTS: The prevalence of hypertension among respondents with diabetes was 57.9% (95% CI : 55.8,60.0). The prevalence of hypertension among diabetes was higher among females (58.7%), ≥60 years old (80.1%), Chinese (61.1%), those with primary education (69.6%), widow/widower/divorce (75.4%), not working (67.7%), rural residents (60.6%), non-smokers (60.1%), non-drinkers (58.1%), those who were obese (66.0%) and with abnormal cholesterol level (63.5%). Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that age group, working status, obesity and cholesterol were associated with hypertension among respondents with diabetes. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of hypertension among diabetes population in Malaysia is high. Early detection of hypertension should be an integral part of diabetes management