Browsing by Author "Wan Ying Gan"
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- PublicationEffectiveness of a school-based intervention to manage overweight and obesity among adolescents in Seremban, Malaysia: A cluster randomized controlled trial(2023)
;Wai Kent Lai ;Sherina Mohd Sidik ;Lekhraj Rampal ;Wan Ying GanSiti Irma Fadhilah IsmailThe aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a school-based intervention programme among overweight and obese adolescents in Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. A cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of the intervention (n = 200) and compared with control group (n = 200). The intervention was developed based on social cognitive theory, conducted in a group based, five-session of face-to-face, bi-weekly for 10 weeks. The primary outcomes were body mass index (BMI) and BMI-for-age z-scores (BAZ), whereas the secondary outcomes were breakfast consumption, physical activity level, self efficacy, and body satisfaction. T-tests and generalized linear mixed model analysis were used to examine the effectiveness of the intervention at baseline, immediate post-intervention, and 3-month post-intervention, while controlling for covariates. A significant intervention effect was found in reducing BMI and BAZ. BMI of the participants in the intervention group was reduced from 28.10 kg/m2 to 27.93 kg/m2, and further decreased to 27.80 kg/m2, while BAZ was reduced from 2.19 to 2.12, and further decreased to 2.07, from baseline to immediate post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up, respectively. Furthermore, there was significant improvement in breakfast consumption frequency, physical activity scores, healthy eating and weight self-efficacy scores, perceived physical activity self-efficacy scores, and body discrepancy scores as compared with the control group. The integrated school-based intervention programme was effective in reducing BMI and BAZ among overweight and obese participants. The results suggested that this programme could be integrated as one of the regular school co-curricular programmes. - PublicationPrevalence and Predictors of Overweight and Obesity Among Adolescents in Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia(2022)
;Wai Kent Lai ;Sherina Mohd Sidik ;Rampal Lekhraj ;Wan Ying GanSiti Irma Fadhilah IsmailIntroduction: Obesity is recognized as a serious public health threat. Recent evidence has warned of the alarming rise in the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity throughout the world. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity, and its associations with socio-demographic, behavioral, and psychosocial factors among school-going adolescents in Seremban, Negeri Sembilan. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 2,221 adolescents were randomly selected from eight secondary schools. A questionnaire was administered to assess socio-demographic profiles, meal patterns, physical activity level, self-efficacy, self-esteem, body size satisfaction, perception of body weight status, depression, anxiety, stress, and nutrition knowledge. Bodyweight and height were measured and BMI-for-age z scores were computed to determine the body weight status. Bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used for the data analysis. Results: The prevalence of overweight among the participants in this study was 17.0%, while the prevalence of obesity was 14.9%. The significant predictors of overweight and obesity in this study were breakfast skipping, low physical activity level, low self-efficacy scores in terms of healthy eating, weight and physical activity, body dissatisfaction, and perception of large body size. Conclusion: The results emphasize the need to broaden the scope of nutrition guidelines, public health policies, and programs to address overweight and obesity among adolescents in Malaysia. The findings also suggest that health education programs should cover practical advice for modifying healthy eating behaviors, increasing physical activity, as well as matters on body image and body satisfaction.