Browsing by Author "Ghazali Ahmad"
Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- PublicationA population-based study measuring the prevalence of chronic kidney disease among adults in West Malaysia(2013)
;Lai Seong Hooi ;Loke Meng Ong ;Ghazali Ahmad ;Sunita Bavanandan ;Noor Ani Ahmad ;Balkish M. Naidu ;Wan Nazaimoon W MohamudMuhammad Fadhli M YusoffIn this population-based study, we determine the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in West Malaysia in order to have accurate information for health-care planning. A sample of 876 individuals, representative of 15,147 respondents from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2011, of the noninstitutionalized adult population (over 18 years old) in West Malaysia was studied. We measured the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (CKD-EPI equation); albuminuria and stages of chronic kidney disease were derived from calibrated serum creatinine, age, gender and early morning urine albumin creatinine ratio. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease in this group was 9.07%. An estimated 4.16% had stage 1 chronic kidney disease (eGFR 490 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and persistent albuminuria), 2.05% had stage 2 (eGFR 60–89 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and persistent albuminuria), 2.26% had stage 3 (eGFR 30–59 ml/min per 1.73 m2 ), 0.24% had stage 4 (eGFR 15–29 ml/min per 1.73 m2), and 0.36% had stage 5 chronic kidney disease (eGFR o15 ml/min per 1.73 m2). Only 4% of respondents with chronic kidney disease were aware of their diagnosis. Risk factors included increased age, diabetes, and hypertension. Thus, chronic kidney disease in West Malaysia is common and, therefore, warrants early detection and treatment in order to potentially improve outcome. - PublicationDialysis Malnutrition and Malnutrition Inflammation Scores: screening tools for prediction of dialysis-related protein-energy wasting in Malaysia(2016)
;Gilcharan Singh Harvinder ;Winnie Chee Siew Swee ;Tilakavati Karupaiah ;Sharmela Sahathevan ;Karuthan Chinna ;Ghazali Ahmad ;Sunita BavanandanBak Leong GohMalnutrition is highly prevalent in Malaysian dialysis patients and there is a need for a valid screening tool for early identification and management. This cross-sectional study aims to examine the sensitivity of the Dialysis Malnutrition Score (DMS) and Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS) tools in predicting protein-energy wasting (PEW) among Malaysian dialysis patients. - PublicationPrevalence of chronic kidney disease and its associated factors in Malaysia; findings from a nationwide population-based cross-sectional study(2020)
;Thamil Arasu Saminathan ;Lai Seong Hooi ;Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff ;Loke Meng Ong ;Sunita Bavanandan ;Wan Shakira Rodzlan Hasani ;Esther Zhao Zhi Tan ;Irene Wong ;Halizah Mat Rifin ;Tania Gayle Robert ;Hasimah Ismail ;Norazizah Ibrahim Wong ;Ghazali Ahmad ;Rashidah Ambak ;Fatimah Othman ;Hamizatul Akmal Abd HamidTahir ArisBackground: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Malaysia was 9.07% in 2011. We aim to determine the current CKD prevalence in Malaysia and its associated risk factors. Methods: A population-based study was conducted on a total of 890 respondents who were representative of the adult population in Malaysia, i.e., aged ≥18 years old. Respondents were randomly selected using a stratified cluster method. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was estimated from calibrated serum creatinine using the CKD-EPI equation. CKD was defined as eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m 2 or the presence of persistent albuminuria if eGFR ≥60 ml/min/1.73m 2. Results: Our study shows that the prevalence of CKD in Malaysia was 15.48% (95% CI: 12.30, 19.31) in 2018, an increase compared to the year 2011 when the prevalence of CKD was 9.07%. An estimated 3.85% had stage 1 CKD, 4.82% had stage 2 CKD, and 6.48% had stage 3 CKD, while 0.33% had stage 4–5 CKD. Hypertension (aOR 3.72), diabetes mellitus (aOR 3.32), increasing BMI (aOR 1.06), and increasing age (aOR 1.06) were significantly associated with CKD. Conclusion: Our study has shown that CKD has become one of the leading public health issues in Malaysia. Thus, there is an urgent need to screen for CKD and prevent its progression, associated morbidity, and mortality at the national level.